The cost-effectiveness of alectinib in anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive (ALK+) advanced NSCLC previously treated with crizotinib

Introduction Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) targeting drugs provide an important option for advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients with this distinct tumor type; however, there is considerable uncertainty as to which drug provides the optimal value after crizotinib treatment. This study estimated the cost-utility of alectinib vs ceritinib from a US payer perspective.

Methods A cost-utility model was developed using partition survival methods and three health states: progression-free (PF), post-progression (PP), and death. Survival data were derived from the key clinical trials (alectinib: NP28761 &; NP28673, ceritinib: ASCEND I and II). Costs included drugs, adverse events, and supportive care. Utilities were based on trial data and the literature. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses (PSA) were performed to assess parameter uncertainty.

Results Treatment with alectinib vs ceritinib resulted in increases of 2.55 months in the PF state, 0.44 quality adjusted life-years (QALYs), and $13,868, yielding a mean cost/QALY of $31,180. In the PSA, alectinib had a 96% probability of being cost-effective at a willingness-to-pay of $100,000/QALY. Drivers of model results were drug costs and utilities in the PF health state. The ICER ranged from $10,600–$65,000 per QALY in scenario analyses, including a sub-group analysis limited to patients with prior chemotherapy and crizotinib treatment.

Conclusions Treatment with alectinib in ALK?+?crizotinib-treated patients increased time progression-free and QALYs vs ceritinib. The marginal cost increase was driven by longer treatment durations with alectinib. This model demonstrates that alectinib may be considered a cost-effective treatment after progression on crizotinib.     

On regulations for 5G: Micro licensing for locally operated networks

Future 5G networks aim at providing new high-quality wireless services to meet stringent and case-specific needs of various vertical sectors beyond traditional mobile broadband offerings. 5G is expected to disrupt the mobile communication business ecosystem and open the market to drastically new sharing based network operational models. 5G technical features of network slicing and small cell deployments in higher carrier frequencies will lower the investment barrier for new entrants to deploy local radio access networks and offer vertical specific services in specific areas and allow them lease the remaining required infrastructure on demand from mobile network operators (MNO) or infrastructure vendors. To realize the full vision of 5G to benefit the society and promote competition, innovation and emergence of new services when the 5G end-to-end network spans across different stakeholders administrative domains, the existing regulations governing the mobile communication business ecosystem are being refined. This paper provides a tutorial overview on how 5G innovations impact mobile communications and reviews the regulatory elements relevant to 5G development for locally deployed networks. This paper expands the recent micro licensing model for local spectrum authorization in future 5G systems and provides guidelines for the development of the key micro licensing elements. This local micro licensing model can open the mobile market by allowing different stakeholders to deploy local small cell networks with locally issued spectrum licenses ensuring pre-defined quality guarantees for the vertical sectors’ case specific needs.     

简述人力资源管理在集成系统项目中的重要性

本文探讨了项目管理九大知识域中人力资源管理在项目建设中的必要性和重要性,其中也不乏个人的经验和教训总结。     

B2C电子商务中带退货的多配送站点车辆路径优化问题研究

研究了一个带退货的多配送站点车辆路径优化问题,建立了求解该问题的0-1整数规划模型,以实现各个配送站点在给他们客户配送货物的同时,沿途取回这些客户的退货,以节约运输成本的目的。设计了一种新的解的表示方法和邻域变换,以此为基础构造出直接求解多配送站点车辆路径优化问题的禁忌搜索算法,在该禁忌搜索算法中首先通过一个启发式算法求得了0-1整数规划模型的一个较好的初始可行解,从而提高了禁忌搜索算法的收敛速度及性能,最后通过例子对禁忌搜索算法及其性能进行了说明。     

B2C电子商务配送服务能力评价研究

在深入研究B2C电子商务环境下新型配送特征基础上,构建适用于B2C电子商务环境的配送服务能力评价指标体系,并用层次分析法进行了评价模型的建立,以期为B2C电子商务企业构建物流服务竞争力提供一定参考。     

旅游服务供应链形成动因及其模式演进

首先从旅游产品和服务及其需求两个角度归纳出旅游服务供应链的特点,从客户、经济和环境价值三方面剖析了旅游服务供应链的形成动因,探究了电子商务对其深远影响。在此基础上,探讨了传统旅游服务供应链模式和基于B2C电子商务旅游服务供应链多元化结构模式的构建,对旅游服务供应链的演进过程进行了全面总结,完善了旅游服务供应链的架构。     

企业成本预算管理信息系统设计与实现

该文阐述关于公司成本预算管理信息系统的构思与设计。系统采取了基于.NET Framework的三层B/S架构。数据由数据库集中进行管理,由Web应用程序进行存取、运算,并将信息发送到客户端浏览器中。最终实现一个面向成本预算管理的,生产计划与成本计划、生产运行与成本运行、生产分析与成本分析相结合的,各部门相互配合、信息共享的,信息分层、管理分级、职责明确的统一内部管理平台。     

16Mn无缝钢管的焊接工艺认可试验

拟定焊接工艺,对16Mn无缝钢管进行焊接工艺认可试验。试验结果均符合NK船级规范,说明采用此焊接工艺可保证16Mn无缝钢管的焊接质量。     

某投放盒中1553B总线BC模式设计与实现

文章旨在设计出一种符合1553B通信协议BC模式的方案,以实现某型投放装置接收载机指令并转换为1553B总线指令最终实现投放逻辑。整个系统是以DSP最小系统加上1553B总线协议芯片BU-61580为硬件平台设,根据BU-61580在BC模式下的访问时序设计出DSP访问BU-61580芯片控制引脚的连接关系及DSP访问BU-61580所需的全部控制信号,文末对BU-61580寄存器工作在BC模式下的设置做了简要介绍。本设计方法已在某投放盒设计中验证实现,并取得良好效果。     

浅析基于B2B模式的电子商务的发展

电子商务是指以互联网为整体架构,网络交易为主要内容,交易双方为主体,网上支付为手段,网络客户数据库为依托的全新的商务运作模式.我们着重分析基于B2B模式的电子商务在未来的巨大发展前景.